Making early challenges to the white primaries introduced in 1923, Dr. Nixon twice won favorable decisions before the U. S. Supreme Court which were circumvented by the state Democratic party making procedural changes to deny African Americans the vote. It was not until 1944 in Smith v. Allwright, brought to the Supreme Court by Thurgood Marshall, that the white primaries were overturned.
Dr. Nixon, a Marshall native and graduate of Wiley College and Meharry Medical College, was a founding member of the El Paso NAACP, the first chapter in the state. In 1955 he was the first African American admitted to the Texas State Medical Society.
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